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1.1 Framing a research question using the PICOT framework.The abstract provides a very short overview of the entire paper, including a sentence or two about the report’s purpose and importance, a sentence or two about your methods, a few sentences that present the main findings, and a sentence or two about the implications of your findings. The abstract for the report comes at the beginning of the paper, but you should write it after you have drafted the full report. You also discuss limitations of your study, and use these limitations as reasons to suggest additional, future research. In this section, you summarize your main findings, comment on those findings (see below), and connect them to other research. Captions go above tables and beneath figures. Make sure all tables and figures are labeled and numbered separately. Results sections are usually written in the past tense. Typically, the Results section contains only the findings, not any explanation of or commentary on the findings (see below). In this section, you present your findings. This is typically the least read section of an IMRaD report. Methods sections typically use subheadings they are written in past tense, and they use a lot of passive voice. The “gold standard” of the methods section is that it should enable readers to duplicate your study. It includes information about your population, sample, methods, and equipment. The methods section tells readers how you conducted your study. If the study has hypotheses, they are presented at the end of the introduction. Finally, explain how the present research is a solution to that problem or gap. Move to discussing the current state of research in the field then reveal a “gap” or problem in the field. Begin by describing the problem or situation that motivates the research. The introduction explains why this research is important or necessary or important. Introduction – Make a case for your research This format is often used for lab reports as well as for reporting any planned, systematic research in the social sciences, natural sciences, or engineering and computer sciences. “IMRaD” format refers to a paper that is structured by four main sections: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion.